Pad thickness can be checked without removing the roadwheel by turning the wheel until the brake pad is visible through one of the openings in the wheel rim. Using a torch for better visibility, measure the thickness of each brake pad, including its metal backplate, and compare this with the minimum value specified. A rough guide for the remaining life of brake pads nearing their minimum is that wear is approximately 1 mm (0.039 in) for every 1000 km (620 miles) driven. If the brake pads are to be reused, they must be refitted to their original positions, so marking them before removal is essential. First, apply the handbrake, jack up the front of the car, and support it on axle stands before removing the roadwheels. For the Teves caliper, extract the retaining spring and use a punch to drive out the pad retaining pins, then pull out the inner pad with a hooked instrument. Press the floating caliper frame outwards to disengage the outer pad, and use two pieces of wood to lever the piston back into the cylinder, ensuring brake fluid does not overflow from the reservoir; a flexible plastic bottle can be used to extract excess fluid if necessary, as brake fluid is poisonous. Check that the piston cutaway is positioned at 20° to the horizontal and rotate it if needed. For the Girling caliper, push the cylinder in the indicated direction to move the caliper away from the pads, ensuring brake fluid does not overflow. While holding the guide pin with an open-ended spanner, unscrew and remove the lower mounting bolt of the cylinder housing, then pivot the housing upwards to pull out the pads. The repair kit includes two new housing mounting bolts, which should replace the existing ones. For both Teves and Girling calipers, brush away dust and dirt from the caliper, piston, disc, and pads without inhaling it, and scrape any scale or rust from the disc and pad backing plates. Fitting the brake pads is a reversal of the removal procedure, and after completion, the brake pedal should be depressed firmly several times with the car stationary to ensure the disc pads take up their normal running position, while also checking and topping up the brake fluid level in the reservoir if necessary.